tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-28168923651364887672024-03-13T12:29:15.173-04:00Sounder ArtHello. I am Shaokang "Sounder" Yuan. Here you can find my art portfolio.Sounder1995http://www.blogger.com/profile/05124496714655577191noreply@blogger.comBlogger158125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2816892365136488767.post-63842336944644378882023-10-08T13:40:00.005-04:002023-10-08T13:40:47.035-04:00Utahraptor ostrommaysi <p> </p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhesQ8ScjjL3M0W9vXDRlMRuMTl-lZTDvkdjCm85tXsPst5ghM6DObn8mpLBCoNPk3jfxhipxgdaiGeapY6Ge23noCk1hf9rPU1sUULy6VnNsEULEljPF71mBfBCPkJXZuufbQ57shuK-tGro7cgAIH3Zj8yQS_B9kzaV8Xb_kamptUcTKl8edBovt7bxg/s3095/utahraptor%20ostrommaysi%20(color)%20(cropped).png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1848" data-original-width="3095" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhesQ8ScjjL3M0W9vXDRlMRuMTl-lZTDvkdjCm85tXsPst5ghM6DObn8mpLBCoNPk3jfxhipxgdaiGeapY6Ge23noCk1hf9rPU1sUULy6VnNsEULEljPF71mBfBCPkJXZuufbQ57shuK-tGro7cgAIH3Zj8yQS_B9kzaV8Xb_kamptUcTKl8edBovt7bxg/s16000/utahraptor%20ostrommaysi%20(color)%20(cropped).png" /></a></div><p></p><div>Utahraptor ostrommaysi (Kirkland, Gaston, and Burge, 1993) <br />Dinosauria <br />Theropoda <br />Tetanurae <br />Coelurosauria <br />Maniraptora <br />Paraves <br />Dromaeosauridae (Raptors) </div><div>Dromaeosaurinae </div><div><br />Valanginian to Hauterivian (Early Cretaceous) <br />Cedar Mountain Formation <br />Utah, United States </div><div><br />Length: 5 - 5.5 m </div><div><br />The largest known dromaeosaurs (raptor), Utahraptor differs from the typical raptor build with proportionally shorter limbs, a proportionally shorter tail, and a big, blocky head with forward-tilting teeth at the tip of the lower jaw. </div><div><br />Sunday, October 8th, 2023 </div>Sounder1995http://www.blogger.com/profile/05124496714655577191noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2816892365136488767.post-12357535906292243762023-01-08T19:56:00.011-05:002023-10-01T20:59:51.920-04:00Dakotaraptor steini <p></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjaIByXzhjdOXKHaI-52ZrVkxuyJZOba2-4F_tfs21hjlf7J_7d9cL-CuxSgG5CsHTnAXVRYilQDSzgk7MZhrg57PmfgAR3SgYZzcvJ7sB9xl1L6dzY9iZ-UYprFcrSfd5ROz79z1U3OJboabA22q8zktAtv9g6qK456-Q8QKlNapTjlMM-lJLtD3SFPAI/s3087/dakotaraptor%20steini%20(color)%20(cropped).png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1904" data-original-width="3087" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjaIByXzhjdOXKHaI-52ZrVkxuyJZOba2-4F_tfs21hjlf7J_7d9cL-CuxSgG5CsHTnAXVRYilQDSzgk7MZhrg57PmfgAR3SgYZzcvJ7sB9xl1L6dzY9iZ-UYprFcrSfd5ROz79z1U3OJboabA22q8zktAtv9g6qK456-Q8QKlNapTjlMM-lJLtD3SFPAI/s16000/dakotaraptor%20steini%20(color)%20(cropped).png" /></a></div><p></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div style="text-align: left;">Dakotaraptor steini (DePalma et al., 2015) </div><div style="text-align: left;">Dinosauria </div><div style="text-align: left;">Theropoda </div><div style="text-align: left;">Tetanurae </div><div style="text-align: left;">Coelurosauria </div><div style="text-align: left;">Maniraptora </div><div style="text-align: left;">Paraves </div><div style="text-align: left;">Dromaeosauridae (Raptors) </div><div style="text-align: left;"><br /></div><div style="text-align: left;">Maastrichtian (Late Cretaceous) </div><div style="text-align: left;">Hell Creek Formation </div><div style="text-align: left;">South Dakota, United States </div><div style="text-align: left;"><br /></div><div style="text-align: left;">Length: 4.5 - 6 m </div><div style="text-align: left;"><br /></div><div style="text-align: left;">If valid*, despite being one of the largest known dromaeosaurs (raptors), Dakotaraptor retains the relatively agile build of smaller dromaeosaurs like Deinonychus rather than the stocky build of similarly sized dromaeosaurs like Utahraptor. </div><div style="text-align: left;"><br />* Note: Dakotaraptor's taxonomic validity is currently uncertain and may represent a chimaera. <br /><br /></div><div style="text-align: left;">Sunday, January 8th, 2023 </div><div style="text-align: left;"><br /></div><div style="text-align: left;"><br /></div><p></p>Sounder1995http://www.blogger.com/profile/05124496714655577191noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2816892365136488767.post-27394922177283396242022-07-19T20:44:00.020-04:002022-07-19T20:47:41.855-04:00Pteranodon longiceps (Male) <p> </p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiWedDi39wyKS5tB0DAeh7_gzHQRicZrD90w-hwoLdkSP2vpqAPRx2rzjeTkMy87WQdinrgjf9VlDaO1ces6Jc6C0XoaRGNX2m7ZCZt468_Abd85STzHY24Usi3BHfmFzUwZ_7Q_9qh5MCpQHig-vO2fsWVqcsEqkRdLzZ5fIfcOzTiGuQP8Ak-AGG5/s2277/pteranodon%20longiceps%20(male)%20(color)%20(cropped).png" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2277" data-original-width="2041" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiWedDi39wyKS5tB0DAeh7_gzHQRicZrD90w-hwoLdkSP2vpqAPRx2rzjeTkMy87WQdinrgjf9VlDaO1ces6Jc6C0XoaRGNX2m7ZCZt468_Abd85STzHY24Usi3BHfmFzUwZ_7Q_9qh5MCpQHig-vO2fsWVqcsEqkRdLzZ5fIfcOzTiGuQP8Ak-AGG5/s16000/pteranodon%20longiceps%20(male)%20(color)%20(cropped).png" /></a></div>Pteranodon longiceps (Marsh, 1876) <div>Pterosauria </div><div>Pterodactyloidea </div><div>Pteranodontoidea </div><div>Pteranodontia </div><div>Pteranodontidae </div><div><br /><div style="text-align: left;">Santonian (Late Cretaceous) </div><div style="text-align: left;">Niobrara Formation, Pierre Shale </div><div style="text-align: left;">Western Canada, Western United States </div><div style="text-align: left;"><br /></div><div style="text-align: left;">Wingspan: 6.5 m </div><div style="text-align: left;"><br /></div><div style="text-align: left;">Pteranodon was once thought of as a strictly aerial animal, too clumsy to walk much on land and too fragile to dip more than his beak into the water to catch fish. Modern analysis shows that Pteranodon was more than capable of both terrestrial locomotion and diving to catch fish. Distinct variation in pelvis shapes shows that this genus was high sexually dimorphic, with males being twice the size of females and sporting large crests. </div><div style="text-align: left;"><br /></div><div style="text-align: left;">Tuesday, July 19th, 2022 </div></div><div style="text-align: left;"><br /></div>Sounder1995http://www.blogger.com/profile/05124496714655577191noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2816892365136488767.post-11265808993581814682022-02-28T14:15:00.011-05:002022-02-28T14:17:04.579-05:00Stegosaurus stenops <p> </p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEhtnHtwAr-SC-ZDDoChH34GvelQZLPNkxcJfWzhb8cwvS_CuXshc9wyCrs81Vu2HAHKSG8Xvn1SUMZGtuKyfi2cwTozV4f0CfRhCI1GtpA_AzMr6swIvWKu_ZFgQIIcZq4nFhQnGLNDxVtDBw_OOVuYWuuXFpDhKuPWTXMcZE72X0cNUal9d56ejWcr=s2889" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1701" data-original-width="2889" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEhtnHtwAr-SC-ZDDoChH34GvelQZLPNkxcJfWzhb8cwvS_CuXshc9wyCrs81Vu2HAHKSG8Xvn1SUMZGtuKyfi2cwTozV4f0CfRhCI1GtpA_AzMr6swIvWKu_ZFgQIIcZq4nFhQnGLNDxVtDBw_OOVuYWuuXFpDhKuPWTXMcZE72X0cNUal9d56ejWcr=s16000" /></a></div>Stegosaurus stenops (Marsh, 1887) <br />Dinosauria <br />Ornithischia <br />Thyreophora <br />Stegosauria <br />Stegosauridae <br /><br />Kimmeridgian to Tithonian (Late Jurassic) <br />Morrison Formation <br />United States (Colorado, Utah, Wyoming), Portugal? <br /><br />Length: 7 m (up to 9 m?) <br /><br />The 2014 reveal of the more complete "Sophie" specimen of Stegosaurus showed that this genus of dinosaur had a proportionally longer leg and less hunched back than previously thought, giving it a profile more similar to that of its relatives. <br /><br />Monday, February 28th, 2022 <div><br /></div>Sounder1995http://www.blogger.com/profile/05124496714655577191noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2816892365136488767.post-57784814199668433522021-08-23T16:47:00.007-04:002021-08-23T16:49:23.090-04:00Triceratops prorsus <p style="text-align: left;"> </p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhY96AZdoj9u9AzBvMxoYeXyz7dRvjbFfr8-fqb0f30xeFQekLc9KKCGi9jXz6SiykMNokBQ58VMU2azRJ3sLbiGc7Q9ftLNyZqfWYjtp1qSB3H9ECwGbZCu_YAS-3wtndam5OSKNJ1YD0/s2048/triceratops+prorsus+%2528color%2529+%2528cropped%2529.png" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1624" data-original-width="2048" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhY96AZdoj9u9AzBvMxoYeXyz7dRvjbFfr8-fqb0f30xeFQekLc9KKCGi9jXz6SiykMNokBQ58VMU2azRJ3sLbiGc7Q9ftLNyZqfWYjtp1qSB3H9ECwGbZCu_YAS-3wtndam5OSKNJ1YD0/s16000/triceratops+prorsus+%2528color%2529+%2528cropped%2529.png" /></a></div><div style="text-align: left;">Triceratops prorsus (Marsh, 1890) <br />Dinosauria <br />Ornithischia <br />Cerapoda <br />Marginocephalia <br />Ceratopsia <br />Ceratopsidae <br />Chasmosaurinae <br />Triceratopsini </div><div style="text-align: left;"><br />Maastrichtian (Late Cretaceous) <br />Denver, Evanston, Hell Creek, Lance, Laramie, Scollard Formations <br />Western Canada and United States </div><div style="text-align: left;"><br />Length: 9 m </div><div style="text-align: left;"><br />Exquisitely preserved skin impressions from the "Lane" specimen of Triceratops show that Triceratops was a lot spikier than previously thought. </div><div style="text-align: left;"><br />Monday, August 23rd, 2021 </div><p style="text-align: left;"></p><p style="text-align: left;"><br /></p>Sounder1995http://www.blogger.com/profile/05124496714655577191noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2816892365136488767.post-55812127809960241832021-04-19T10:03:00.011-04:002021-04-19T10:05:31.708-04:00Apatosaurus ajax <p> </p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiOYPafHZi0l1WECB5BYVTyEPoHm-U_OY88RafA2c5byLshR5jGY3ENmlY0z6fGPI55_5U5JFHLcreD8EdgB5BOgZ5bOdzMJuzaZkH5bFofLEblugxhQAsZNyPJUjBUQMGzXF6Ky6bYdnU/s2549/apatosaurus+ajax+%2528color%2529+%2528cropped%2529.png" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1234" data-original-width="2549" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiOYPafHZi0l1WECB5BYVTyEPoHm-U_OY88RafA2c5byLshR5jGY3ENmlY0z6fGPI55_5U5JFHLcreD8EdgB5BOgZ5bOdzMJuzaZkH5bFofLEblugxhQAsZNyPJUjBUQMGzXF6Ky6bYdnU/s16000/apatosaurus+ajax+%2528color%2529+%2528cropped%2529.png" /></a></div>Apatosaurus ajax (Marsh, 1877) <br />Dinosauria <br />Sauropoda <br />Diplodocoidea <br />Diplodocidae <br />Apatosaurinae <br /><br />Kimmeridgian to Tithonian (Late Jurassic) <br />Morrison Formation <br />Colorado, New Mexico, Oklahoma, Utah, Wyoming; United States <br /><br />Length: 21 - 30+ m? <br /><br />With some specimens significantly larger than most apatosaurines (e.g. OMNH 1670), Apatosaurus ajax was likely one of the largest animals to have ever walked the Earth. <br /><br />Monday, April 19th, 2021 <br /><div><br /></div>Sounder1995http://www.blogger.com/profile/05124496714655577191noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2816892365136488767.post-38373046390488269102021-04-05T09:42:00.012-04:002021-04-05T09:45:34.087-04:00Apatosaurus louisae <p> </p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiPb3hZ3esoZyxRUMojZQdntIIo3bpSyyyFwZNI7yfcOYXvwIBUBJp5Eiy3aVMU7Q_0dgaSLvP5IVxcLiHgU9QAoSQe5My3p23QkIb_Y5GCAxj1SzpeDLuiCSjM_6J7tufpSdknD-pYNq0/s2669/apatosaurus+louisae+%2528color%2529+%2528cropped%2529.png" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1178" data-original-width="2669" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiPb3hZ3esoZyxRUMojZQdntIIo3bpSyyyFwZNI7yfcOYXvwIBUBJp5Eiy3aVMU7Q_0dgaSLvP5IVxcLiHgU9QAoSQe5My3p23QkIb_Y5GCAxj1SzpeDLuiCSjM_6J7tufpSdknD-pYNq0/s16000/apatosaurus+louisae+%2528color%2529+%2528cropped%2529.png" /></a></div>Apatosaurus louisae (Holland, 1916) <div>Dinosauria </div><div>Sauropoda </div><div>Diplodocoidea </div><div>Diplodocidae </div><div>Apatosaurinae </div><div><br /></div><div>Kimmeridgian - Tithonian (Late Jurassic) </div><div>Morrison Formation </div><div>Colorado, New Mexico, Oklahoma, Utah, Wyoming; United States <p>Length: 21 - 23 m </p><p>It has been hypothesized that Apatosaurus louisae used their long thick necks in intraspecific combat, similarly to modern day giraffes or elephant seals (Source: http://www.miketaylor.org.uk/dino/pubs/svpca2015/abstract.html#gsc.tab=0). </p><p>Monday, April 5th, 2021 </p><p><br /></p></div>Sounder1995http://www.blogger.com/profile/05124496714655577191noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2816892365136488767.post-63827762565015557092021-03-04T19:30:00.000-05:002021-03-04T19:30:52.095-05:00Tyrannosaurus rex <p> </p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgTGBVLO83etEtFixIaJMI13g4Z9c9Hds4CoR-ZaqMv5O9pSTX1mdCz_57Q4V7lglv2VqJQS6Kuo-_iRKI00FfTxQrBVXkbknu7gG0kIcACzyRAmsVLJgKVosQeWxfGFpwx8-x9avtpxo0/s2048/tyrannosaurus+rex+%2528color%2529+%2528cropped%2529.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1144" data-original-width="2048" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgTGBVLO83etEtFixIaJMI13g4Z9c9Hds4CoR-ZaqMv5O9pSTX1mdCz_57Q4V7lglv2VqJQS6Kuo-_iRKI00FfTxQrBVXkbknu7gG0kIcACzyRAmsVLJgKVosQeWxfGFpwx8-x9avtpxo0/s16000/tyrannosaurus+rex+%2528color%2529+%2528cropped%2529.png" /></a></div>Tyrannosaurus rex (Osborn, 1905) <div>Dinosauria </div><div>Theropoda </div><div>Tetanurae </div><div>Coelurosauria </div><div>Tyrannosauroidea </div><div>Tyrannosauridae </div><div>Tyrannosaurinae </div><div><br /></div><div>Maastrichtian (Late Cretaceous) </div><div>Frenchman Formation, Hell Creek Formation, Lance Formation, Scollard Formation </div><div>Western Canada, Western United States </div><div><br /></div><div>Length: 13 m </div><div><br /></div><div>Due to the overrepresentation of this genus in popular culture, it can be easy to forgot all that makes it unique: Tyrannosaurus had the largest teeth of any known dinosaur, as well as the most powerful bite of any terrestrial creature that has ever lived. Tyrannosaurus was also one of the few dinosaurs with binocular vision and had an excellent sense of smell. </div><div><br /></div><div>Thursday, March 4th, 2021 </div>Sounder1995http://www.blogger.com/profile/05124496714655577191noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2816892365136488767.post-70668449115973126522020-07-25T20:57:00.002-04:002020-07-25T21:02:17.787-04:00Brontosaurus excelsus<br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjKNcTOyVisAZcXmunAvJ5Jw9KKpP-61xisv03OLBJVVVqRolM5f3xjE-0CmY_dL51O9LdcD0PMcrEjhXwNcGJn7KeNAFjSHSeiN8Vf1OvIA1LLTLxfrnV4c4v-ID2WGD7ZP96Qzo6gytM/s2048/brontosaurus+excelsus+%2528color%2529.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2048" data-original-width="2048" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjKNcTOyVisAZcXmunAvJ5Jw9KKpP-61xisv03OLBJVVVqRolM5f3xjE-0CmY_dL51O9LdcD0PMcrEjhXwNcGJn7KeNAFjSHSeiN8Vf1OvIA1LLTLxfrnV4c4v-ID2WGD7ZP96Qzo6gytM/s320/brontosaurus+excelsus+%2528color%2529.png" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><div class="separator" style="clear: both;"><font face="inherit">Brontosaurus excelsus (Marsh, 1879)</font></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;"><font face="inherit">Dinosauria</font></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;"><font face="inherit">Sauropoda </font></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;"><font face="inherit">Diplodocoidea</font></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;"><font face="inherit">Diplodocidae</font></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;"><font face="inherit">Apatosaurinae</font></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;"><font face="inherit"><br /></font></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;"><font face="inherit">Kimmeridgian - Tithonian (Late Jurassic) </font></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;"><font face="inherit">Morrison Formation</font></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;"><font face="inherit">Colorado, Oklahoma, Utah,Wyoming; United States </font></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;"><font face="inherit"><br /></font></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;"><font face="inherit">Length: 22 m</font></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;"><font face="inherit"><br /></font></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;"><font face="inherit">Although regarded as a junior synonym of Apatosaurus for over 100 years since 1903, Brontosaurus has been revived once more as a valid genus after a 2015 analysis suggested that the dinosaur is distinct enough (primarily in vertebral features) from Apatosaurus to warrant its own genus. </font></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;"><font face="inherit"><br /></font></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;"><font face="inherit">Link to 2015 paper: </font></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;">https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4393826/ </div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;"><font face="inherit"><br /></font></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;"><font face="inherit">Saturday, July 25th, 2020 </font></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;"><font face="inherit"><br /></font></div></div>Sounder1995http://www.blogger.com/profile/05124496714655577191noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2816892365136488767.post-39956594654370868032016-09-22T02:20:00.000-04:002016-09-22T02:20:04.167-04:00Dakotaraptor steini<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhYJT5bigg_n3lT7MuwPvH1Tf_ldf0oYmNNnOKe4RdY1CBejiblt0V44ZusjEZny-Gtn_a-P7FiM1LPXtA8WCjz0ynKhPMmcYq3ZEk24mUBivJuiPLkh6JgbhQhUQ9YJzKXulUyKWBvgeU/s1600/dakota+color+test.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="494" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhYJT5bigg_n3lT7MuwPvH1Tf_ldf0oYmNNnOKe4RdY1CBejiblt0V44ZusjEZny-Gtn_a-P7FiM1LPXtA8WCjz0ynKhPMmcYq3ZEk24mUBivJuiPLkh6JgbhQhUQ9YJzKXulUyKWBvgeU/s640/dakota+color+test.jpg" width="640" /></a></div>
Dakotaraptor steini (DePalma et al., 2015)<br />
Sauropsida<br />
Diapsida<br />
Archosauria<br />
Dinosauria<br />
Saurischia<br />
Theropoda<br />
Tetanurae<br />
Coelurosauria<br />
Maniraptora<br />
Paraves<br />
Dromaeosauridae (“Raptors”)<br />
Eudromaeosauria<br />
<br />
Maastrichtian, Late Cretaceous<br />
South Dakota, United States<br />
Hell Creek Formation<br />
<br />
Length: 5.5 m<br />
<br />
Tied with Utahraptor for being the largest known “raptor,” this swift predator shared her home with the considerably more common (and far larger) Tyrannosaurus.<br />
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Thursday, September 22nd, 2016Sounder1995http://www.blogger.com/profile/05124496714655577191noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2816892365136488767.post-48568227565345333192016-09-20T03:51:00.001-04:002016-09-20T03:51:20.656-04:00C. megalodon<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgZtZUjOwxzAx9gzZIroIPWkPeD9JyO9NK9jiIUAI8BcNLOrA-oOhtlnPCd9T_ObxolJHFaUd3Ecwuh_F45GmS8c8uq8J3u0vcbmiv9Hups4dPope4ifhxvlV3zfhvUkhbC5uF1uqDtikE/s1600/megalodon+color+test.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="494" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgZtZUjOwxzAx9gzZIroIPWkPeD9JyO9NK9jiIUAI8BcNLOrA-oOhtlnPCd9T_ObxolJHFaUd3Ecwuh_F45GmS8c8uq8J3u0vcbmiv9Hups4dPope4ifhxvlV3zfhvUkhbC5uF1uqDtikE/s640/megalodon+color+test.jpg" width="640" /></a></div>
Note: A digitally recolored version of the original, available here:<br />
http://sounder1995.blogspot.com/2015/08/c-megalodon.html<br />
<br />
C. megalodon<br />
Chondrichthyes (Cartilaginous Fishes)<br />
Elasmobranchii<br />
Selachimorpha / Selachii (Sharks)<br />
Lamniformes<br />
Lamnidae? Otodontidae?<br />
(If Lamnidae) Carcharodon megalodon (Agassiz, 1843)<br />
(If Otodontidae) Carcharocles megalodon (Jordan & Hannibal, 1923)<br />
<br />
Middle Miocene to Late Pliocene<br />
Worldwide<br />
<br />
Length: Up to 18 m?<br />
<br />
The largest shark of all time, she possesses one of the most powerful bite forces known to man and hunted whales as a regular part of her diet.<br />
<br />
Estimated Bite Force: 108,514 N - 182, 201 N (Wroe et al., 2008)<br />
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Tuesday, September 20th, 2016Sounder1995http://www.blogger.com/profile/05124496714655577191noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2816892365136488767.post-54086633703216916232016-09-15T02:20:00.004-04:002016-09-15T02:20:33.307-04:00Triceratops prorsus<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiv2QwV34jmnic3XMmMbGKcnHUWqKsP0WKYYV-9Y16W2ideUK0qVdPL7dop-f5UNp_rLx3pNO9qflvYep7j8Y0hNEgm9x7hbTNIustjKx8XGgdS0uUhZnafPFibNKqkqpVDW6rSfY03hVM/s1600/trike+color+test.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="494" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiv2QwV34jmnic3XMmMbGKcnHUWqKsP0WKYYV-9Y16W2ideUK0qVdPL7dop-f5UNp_rLx3pNO9qflvYep7j8Y0hNEgm9x7hbTNIustjKx8XGgdS0uUhZnafPFibNKqkqpVDW6rSfY03hVM/s640/trike+color+test.jpg" width="640" /></a></div>
Note: A digitally colored version of the original, available here:<br />
http://sounder1995.blogspot.com/2015/08/triceratops-prorsus.html<br />
<br />
Triceratops prorsus (Marsh, 1890)<br />
Sauropsida<br />
Diapsida<br />
Archosauria<br />
Dinosauria<br />
Ornithischia<br />
Neornithischia<br />
Marginocephalia<br />
Ceratopsia (Horned Dinosaurs)<br />
Ceratopsidae<br />
Chasmosaurinae<br />
<br />
Upper Maastrichtian, Late Cretaceous<br />
Hell Creek Formation<br />
United States (Montana, North Dakota, South Dakota, and Wyoming)<br />
<br />
Length: 7.9 – 9.0 m<br />
<br />
Everyone’s favorite three horned face was a lot spikier than you we originally thought.<br />
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Thursday, September 15th, 2016Sounder1995http://www.blogger.com/profile/05124496714655577191noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2816892365136488767.post-8139230573305329102016-09-12T02:19:00.004-04:002016-09-12T02:19:50.001-04:00Collinsium ciliosum<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjHQbSqJiQ5-pekVlj_FZHoWoe94DVDrehTr3v7U2ID04QG9NtboloMrHVA3x_85MEf8cnh71SCJwd9OJWSjhOg_VkyIuQ8eR17HmDTM0mRH5n6KuBEuzdEi1FhkFYo7PciaCR3nd9Qp0o/s1600/collin+color+test.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="494" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjHQbSqJiQ5-pekVlj_FZHoWoe94DVDrehTr3v7U2ID04QG9NtboloMrHVA3x_85MEf8cnh71SCJwd9OJWSjhOg_VkyIuQ8eR17HmDTM0mRH5n6KuBEuzdEi1FhkFYo7PciaCR3nd9Qp0o/s640/collin+color+test.jpg" width="640" /></a></div>
Note: A digitally colored version of the original, available here:<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><a href="http://sounder1995.blogspot.com/2015/08/collinsium-ciliosum.html">http://sounder1995.blogspot.com/2015/08/collinsium-ciliosum.html</a><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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Collinsium ciliosum (Yang et al.)</div>
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Ecdysozoa</div>
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Panarthropoda</div>
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Stem-Onychophora (Velvet Worms)</div>
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Luolishaniidae</div>
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Early to Middle Cambrian</div>
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Yunnan Province, China</div>
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Length: 85 mm</div>
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With dorsal spines that managed to stay three dimensional even after 500 million years of geological activity, Collinsium was one particularly prickly invertebrate. Like her modern kin (velvet worms), she possesses Matryoshka doll style claws (and in her case, also spines) composed of layered chitin, the same carbohydrate that forms arthropod exoskeletons. Unlike velvet worms though, her kind were far more diverse in lifestyle and ecological niche. She, in fact, was a bona fide filter feeder and lacked eyes altogether (Those are armor plates before her antennae). The glory days of stem-Onychophora would come to an end by the end of the Cambrian, though. Onychophora has now dwindled down to just the velvet worms, all of them active terrestrial predators inhabiting humid environments.</div>
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Sunday, September 11th, 2016</div>
Sounder1995http://www.blogger.com/profile/05124496714655577191noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2816892365136488767.post-42492945608955692472016-04-20T19:12:00.001-04:002016-04-20T19:12:19.944-04:00Hallucigenia sparsa<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhC_HJozXhedpNs305usAGtU2IDdDKm7kAnHWGYwHE4J2i4wRy_iQTxjToJQdrnZDLFuW5LY0rISlW-3pLeGYIoyNTiizwfeujhknCiI3xjzqES8qiIYgevDUScXBmRBGpQXFWLfV1LrNc/s1600/hallucinate+color+test.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="494" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhC_HJozXhedpNs305usAGtU2IDdDKm7kAnHWGYwHE4J2i4wRy_iQTxjToJQdrnZDLFuW5LY0rISlW-3pLeGYIoyNTiizwfeujhknCiI3xjzqES8qiIYgevDUScXBmRBGpQXFWLfV1LrNc/s640/hallucinate+color+test.jpg" width="640" /></a></div>
Note: Digitally colored version of original, available here:<br />
http://sounder1995.blogspot.com/2015/08/hallucigenia-sparsa.html<br />
<br />
Hallucigenia sparsa (Conway Morris, 1977)<br />
Ecdysozoa<br />
Panarthropoda<br />
Stem-Onychophora (Velvet Worms)<br />
<br />
Middle Cambrian<br />
Burgess Shale<br />
British Columbia, Canada<br />
<br />
Length: 1 – 5(+) cm<br />
<br />
Originally reconstructed upside down, walking on stilt legs with wavy tentacles on her back (Conway Morris, 1977), Hallucigenia later received a more plausible reconstruction upon further examination of extinct relatives (Ramskold & Xianguang, 1991). However, her head eluded confused primates for decades to come. The only clue was a blobby thingy at one end of her body. Fortunately, new specimens and the rise of the machines later revealed her head, complete with simple eyes, mouth, and pharyngeal teeth, at the end opposite the blob (Smith & Caron, 2015). Turns out the blobby thingy was just decay fluid… Like her modern kin (velvet worms), she possesses Matryoshka doll style claws (and in her case, also spines) composed of layered chitin, the same carbohydrate that forms arthropod exoskeletons.<br />
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Wednesday, April 20th, 2016Sounder1995http://www.blogger.com/profile/05124496714655577191noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2816892365136488767.post-26398013213165495662016-04-16T00:59:00.000-04:002016-04-16T00:59:05.035-04:00Paraceratherium transouralicum<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhtcjTvcp90QojD85u7VNIwHhKRu-30jfJ9ScTUgfAezsNrju1eQpV9kwno2Ejh4FkfCXnB7_mgdv_iZnSH8DHQ6f2MijQ6bRhPBSrsY1QTrsGLVnXNVJTQVRphxAye7yimeKS-7nPjRlc/s1600/paracera+color+test.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhtcjTvcp90QojD85u7VNIwHhKRu-30jfJ9ScTUgfAezsNrju1eQpV9kwno2Ejh4FkfCXnB7_mgdv_iZnSH8DHQ6f2MijQ6bRhPBSrsY1QTrsGLVnXNVJTQVRphxAye7yimeKS-7nPjRlc/s640/paracera+color+test.jpg" width="494" /></a></div>
Note: A digitally colored copy of the original, available here:<br />
http://sounder1995.blogspot.com/2015/08/paraceratherium-transouralicum.html<br />
<br />
Paraceratherium transouralicum (Pavlova, 1922)<br />
- Formerly = Indricotherium transouralicum (Pavlova, 1922)<br />
Mammalia<br />
Theria<br />
Eutheria<br />
Placentalia<br />
Boreoeutheria<br />
Laurasiatheria<br />
Perissodactyla<br />
Ceratomorpha<br />
Rhinocerotoidea<br />
Hyracodontidae<br />
Indricotheriinae<br />
<br />
Oligocene Epoch, Palaeogene Period<br />
Asia and Eastern Europe<br />
<br />
Height: 5(+?) m at the shoulder<br />
<br />
Possibly the largest land mammal of all time, rivaled only by Palaeoloxodon namadicus, the Asian straight-tusked elephant. Unlike modern rhinos, he prefers leaves to grass, since grass was not abundant yet.<br />
<br />
On a more important note: PLEASE. STOP. KILLING. RHINOS. Rhino horns are no more than incredibly compressed hair (They are composed solely of keratin, the protein that forms hair, nails, claws, and tetrapod scales.) and will not cure any diseases, extend your life expectancy, nor boost your sex life.<br />
<br />
Friday, April 15th, 2016<br />
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Sounder1995http://www.blogger.com/profile/05124496714655577191noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2816892365136488767.post-6586117319603441062016-03-29T14:13:00.001-04:002016-03-29T14:13:04.805-04:00Carnotaurus sastrei<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgfrjiBylb4z0G7vfz-64SCTEE2TvZBZdv-OysslskY6CCXyIQq-iitnulGPGD8Or6cS4PUudr5A7yTOz0hkW4nVX9v6adAOrjFR0Cx2nnqkkDA_VlryAYdyNw6Lx2EQsA_ZImzB7p-jWU/s1600/carno+color+test.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="494" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgfrjiBylb4z0G7vfz-64SCTEE2TvZBZdv-OysslskY6CCXyIQq-iitnulGPGD8Or6cS4PUudr5A7yTOz0hkW4nVX9v6adAOrjFR0Cx2nnqkkDA_VlryAYdyNw6Lx2EQsA_ZImzB7p-jWU/s640/carno+color+test.jpg" width="640" /></a></div>
Note: A digitally colored version of the original, available here:<br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<a href="http://sounder1995.blogspot.com/2015/08/carnotaurus-sastrei.html">http://sounder1995.blogspot.com/2015/08/carnotaurus-sastrei.html</a></div>
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Carnotaurus sastrei (Bonaparte, 1985)</div>
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Sauropsida</div>
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Diapsida</div>
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Archosauria</div>
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Dinosauria</div>
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Saurischia</div>
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Theropoda</div>
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Ceratosauria</div>
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Abelisauroidea</div>
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Abelisauridae</div>
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Late Cretaceous</div>
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South America</div>
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Length: 8 – 9 m</div>
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The “flesh eating bull” in Latin, she has evolved a large caudofemoralis (muscle at the base of her tail), enabling her to run at surprisingly fast speeds for an animal of her size. Unfortunately, this came at the cost of smaller muscles for tail stability. To compensate, her proximal caudal vertebrae (tail vertebrae closest to her pelvis) interlocked with one another and her pelvis. This severely limited her ability to make tight turns, which likely led to many a pratfall. Luckily, her vestigial arms (proportionately the smallest in any known dinosaur, save for some flightless birds) meant there was not much to break in the event of a fall.</div>
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On the off chance anyone reads this, I’m taking a poll:</div>
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Who would win in a slap fight: this gal or a toddler?</div>
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“I hate Carnotaurus.”</div>
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- Stephen Lang</div>
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Credit goes to http://robertfabiani.deviantart.com/ for the inspiration for the horn design.</div>
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Tuesday, March 29th, 2016</div>
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Sounder1995http://www.blogger.com/profile/05124496714655577191noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2816892365136488767.post-9818737105644909652016-03-29T14:08:00.003-04:002016-03-29T14:08:33.648-04:00Anisodon grande<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjDs4FdZv-GyYOXwi1mVCqNDUj-RiBOfpeMMem0NgwqPeNmsyxA9-58Hx1ZPKUTEmf30yydSfqXu_RDxaLya3OHyWUGeo3v5D1culEvjBWTbN94f1-y1CZFVR9b2RMh8JENuTcuML8BAs0/s1600/chalico+color+test.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjDs4FdZv-GyYOXwi1mVCqNDUj-RiBOfpeMMem0NgwqPeNmsyxA9-58Hx1ZPKUTEmf30yydSfqXu_RDxaLya3OHyWUGeo3v5D1culEvjBWTbN94f1-y1CZFVR9b2RMh8JENuTcuML8BAs0/s640/chalico+color+test.jpg" width="494" /></a></div>
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Note: A digitally colored version of the original, available here:</div>
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<a href="http://sounder1995.blogspot.com/2015/08/anisodon-grande.html">http://sounder1995.blogspot.com/2015/08/anisodon-grande.html</a></div>
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Anisodon grande (Lartet, 1851)</div>
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- Formerly = Chalicotherium grande (Blainville, 1849)</div>
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Mammalia</div>
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Theria</div>
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Eutheria</div>
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Placentalia</div>
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Boreoeutheria</div>
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Laurasiatheria</div>
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Perissodactyla</div>
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Chalicotheriidae</div>
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Chalicotheriinae</div>
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Late Oligocene to Early Pliocene</div>
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Europe</div>
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Height: 2.5+ m at the shoulder</div>
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A knuckle walking relative of modern day horses, rhinos, and tapirs, A. grande (not to be confused with Ariana Grande) spent a lot of her time sitting in front of trees and eating their leaves like a gorilla or panda.</div>
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Tuesday, March 29th, 2016</div>
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<br />Sounder1995http://www.blogger.com/profile/05124496714655577191noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2816892365136488767.post-13243328157287277072016-03-27T00:25:00.001-04:002016-03-27T00:25:32.775-04:00Helicoprion<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhcMnuz0_nnCbYT9TghJskQyX6hFSSGYeWq1ELvjfrWM5XdxpvJzckuUlvaTkNLij0A30FNKYZyQBj7iHFJApYUNjeDIJZbg_5Oav_BPB9WTEDT9K_1J7XzWg65MyFsv8N0rkbCdTeK1zU/s1600/heli+color+test.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="494" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhcMnuz0_nnCbYT9TghJskQyX6hFSSGYeWq1ELvjfrWM5XdxpvJzckuUlvaTkNLij0A30FNKYZyQBj7iHFJApYUNjeDIJZbg_5Oav_BPB9WTEDT9K_1J7XzWg65MyFsv8N0rkbCdTeK1zU/s640/heli+color+test.jpg" width="640" /></a></div>
Note: A digitally colored version of the original, available here:<br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<a href="http://sounder1995.blogspot.com/2015/08/helicoprion.html">http://sounder1995.blogspot.com/2015/08/helicoprion.html</a></div>
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<br /></div>
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Helicoprion sp. (Karpinsky, 1899)</div>
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Chondrichthyes (Cartilaginous Fishes)</div>
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Holocephali</div>
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Eugeneodontida</div>
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Agassizodontidae</div>
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Late Carboniferous to Early Triassic</div>
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Worldwide</div>
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Length: 3 – 4 m</div>
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For over a century, bipedal apes scratched their heads in confusion as to where this fish’s dentition fit inside her mouth; being a cartilaginous fish, only her teeth managed to survive hundreds of millions of years of geological processes and hominid error. In 2013, newly described fossils, that included preserved cartilage, finally shed some light on her enigmatic oral features. It appears she likely evolved such unique dentition to help her more efficiently consume (and potentially shell) cephalopods. Yum! Who wants calamari?</div>
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Saturday, March 26th, 2016</div>
Sounder1995http://www.blogger.com/profile/05124496714655577191noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2816892365136488767.post-53236676218225753472016-03-27T00:24:00.001-04:002016-03-27T00:24:14.810-04:00Dakotaraptor steini<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgciLMKc8-8R7j9HfpsSQExVvLaVnikkWSv2UsLo5kLsgfAXzUKW1YJIG5i8gnaYTwqruM8-GiP1a77ns4MBSW4L21GsKovJsme-mHCnVOYx6VqGqq1WFOjsA9dSwOw1s3yfzEg5xvyiPw/s1600/dakotaraptor.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="494" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgciLMKc8-8R7j9HfpsSQExVvLaVnikkWSv2UsLo5kLsgfAXzUKW1YJIG5i8gnaYTwqruM8-GiP1a77ns4MBSW4L21GsKovJsme-mHCnVOYx6VqGqq1WFOjsA9dSwOw1s3yfzEg5xvyiPw/s640/dakotaraptor.jpg" width="640" /></a></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Dakotaraptor
steini (DePalma et al., 2015)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Sauropsida<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Diapsida<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Archosauria<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Dinosauria<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Saurischia<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Theropoda<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Tetanurae<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Coelurosauria<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Maniraptora<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Paraves<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Dromaeosauridae
(“Raptors”)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Eudromaeosauria<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Maastrichtian,
Late Cretaceous<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">South
Dakota, United States<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Hell
Creek Formation<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Length:
5.5 m<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Tied
with Utahraptor for being the largest known “raptor,” this swift predator
shared her home with the considerably more common (and far larger)
Tyrannosaurus.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Saturday,
December 26<sup>th</sup>, 2015<o:p></o:p></span></div>
Sounder1995http://www.blogger.com/profile/05124496714655577191noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2816892365136488767.post-51107277812876768192015-12-16T04:47:00.001-05:002015-12-16T04:47:14.017-05:00Anurognathus ammoni<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiDvI2xiJy6Gbjoa04T3_fP85KFItVqcknICICKldHxMemWOT5bpOrfTuH8zBnZe6uQ1mvN1N8ll_UoY374xqVjRISkNBuHhnUy_Jp8DWdV3z7YHersM4I-Cj4Ww9mdEy5rfCf0NR0Lkwc/s1600/anuro+color+test.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="494" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiDvI2xiJy6Gbjoa04T3_fP85KFItVqcknICICKldHxMemWOT5bpOrfTuH8zBnZe6uQ1mvN1N8ll_UoY374xqVjRISkNBuHhnUy_Jp8DWdV3z7YHersM4I-Cj4Ww9mdEy5rfCf0NR0Lkwc/s640/anuro+color+test.jpg" width="640" /></a></div>
Note: A digitally colored version of the original, available here:<br />
http://sounder1995.deviantart.com/art/Anurognathus-ammoni-555849082<br />
<br />
Anurognathus ammoni (Döderlein, 1923)<br />
Sauropsida<br />
Diapsida<br />
Archosauria<br />
Avemetatarsalia<br />
Pterosauria (Pterodactyls)<br />
Monofenestrata<br />
Caelidracones<br />
Anurognathidae<br />
<br />
Late Jurassic<br />
Germany<br />
<br />
Wingspan: 35 cm<br />
<br />
Long before drones and radio waves filled the air, Anurognathus soared amidst the trees of Germany, snatching up airborne insects with her small, sharp teeth.<br />
<br />
Wednesday, December 16th, 2015Sounder1995http://www.blogger.com/profile/05124496714655577191noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2816892365136488767.post-35357577257334053942015-12-06T22:12:00.002-05:002015-12-06T22:12:41.246-05:00Ceratogaulus hatcheri (Horned Gopher)<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiuYctaZumrDu3X0Q794nL0rEsFEk3DzjBXSSZNfCwi2bGJVEdQx6Mwj_N0XS1GCdqMhwfv2eEiGKNW6Loi3HVXR9abjJl9FtWAXaEQ5jDtYRCZfC-jOBL7UBgZTQZT2epBn9P8_9U3FZM/s1600/gopher+color+test.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiuYctaZumrDu3X0Q794nL0rEsFEk3DzjBXSSZNfCwi2bGJVEdQx6Mwj_N0XS1GCdqMhwfv2eEiGKNW6Loi3HVXR9abjJl9FtWAXaEQ5jDtYRCZfC-jOBL7UBgZTQZT2epBn9P8_9U3FZM/s640/gopher+color+test.jpg" width="494" /></a></div>
Note: A digitally colored version of the original, available here:<br />
http://sounder1995.deviantart.com/art/Ceratogaulus-hatcheri-Horned-Gopher-555848854<br />
<br />
Ceratogaulus hatcheri (Matthew, 1902) (Horned Gopher)<br />
Synapsida<br />
Therapsida<br />
Theriodontia<br />
Cynodontia<br />
Mammalia<br />
Theria<br />
Eutheria<br />
Placentalia<br />
Boreoeutheria<br />
Euarchontoglires<br />
Glires<br />
Rodentia<br />
Sciuromorpha?<br />
Mylagaulidae<br />
<br />
Late Miocene to Early Pleistocene<br />
North America<br />
<br />
Length (Quadrupedal): About 30 cm<br />
<br />
The smallest horned mammal known to modern science, she has evolved bony (not just keratinous!) horns as a defensive measure. They are no larger nor more elaborate in her male counterparts.<br />
<br />
The horned gopher. An animal so self-explanatory, she makes rocket launcher instructions seem like graduate school level calculus!<br />
<br />
Sunday, December 6th, 2015Sounder1995http://www.blogger.com/profile/05124496714655577191noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2816892365136488767.post-20326905815734690962015-12-05T02:21:00.003-05:002015-12-05T02:21:31.082-05:00Opabinia regalis<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjgw9qdShe-V98BJc98r9yGM6mG7VNcw9n4tkv8rZjZ1MygNg108xrsSOKr0lXrt8rVZeN-XkwJdkorC1lv2lCrV0uYC0oAPHv2nXwlQrpV_Zp0LP-7NYikMtmVMpZU4QdAnwlKPXbF-6Q/s1600/opabinia+color+test.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjgw9qdShe-V98BJc98r9yGM6mG7VNcw9n4tkv8rZjZ1MygNg108xrsSOKr0lXrt8rVZeN-XkwJdkorC1lv2lCrV0uYC0oAPHv2nXwlQrpV_Zp0LP-7NYikMtmVMpZU4QdAnwlKPXbF-6Q/s640/opabinia+color+test.jpg" width="494" /></a></div>
Note: A digitally colored version of the original, available here:<br />
http://sounder1995.deviantart.com/art/Opabinia-regalis-555848586<br />
<br />
Opabinia regalis (Walcott, 1912)<br />
Ecdysozoa<br />
Panarthropoda<br />
Stem-Arthropoda<br />
Dinocaridida?<br />
Radiodonta<br />
Opabiniidae<br />
<br />
Middle Cambrian<br />
Burgess Shale<br />
British Columbia, Canada<br />
<br />
Length: 7 cm (9.4 cm with proboscis)<br />
<br />
Long before plastic and radioactive garbage filled the oceans, Opabinia patrolled the seafloor, snatching up soft prey with her trunk and then shoving them into her backward pointing mouth on the underside of her head.<br />
<br />
Saturday, December 5th, 2015<br />
<br />
“Ain’t I seen you before? I think I remember those eyes, eyes, eyes!”<br />
- UsherSounder1995http://www.blogger.com/profile/05124496714655577191noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2816892365136488767.post-13123796740009651942015-12-02T04:27:00.000-05:002015-12-02T04:27:06.233-05:00Yi qi<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEge9TYTXdR4uYX5iE-CXnnV9ECl63ELwBVsgc1JTh9cQEwrmEBjapsD7TY-ubKpDVLJeLp-HfsaOFsQJxK74zaqEf9fG-fQtxSbnEuv-ESScgPk21wqSDEveGXvzhFuxhOkpj1azSpmuV0/s1600/yi+qi+color.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="494" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEge9TYTXdR4uYX5iE-CXnnV9ECl63ELwBVsgc1JTh9cQEwrmEBjapsD7TY-ubKpDVLJeLp-HfsaOFsQJxK74zaqEf9fG-fQtxSbnEuv-ESScgPk21wqSDEveGXvzhFuxhOkpj1azSpmuV0/s640/yi+qi+color.jpg" width="640" /></a></div>
Note: A digitally coloured version of the original, available here:<br />
http://sounder1995.deviantart.com/art/Yi-qi-555848292<br />
<br />
Yi qi (Xu et al., 2015)<br />
Sauropsida<br />
Diapsida<br />
Archosauria<br />
Dinosauria<br />
Saurischia<br />
Theropoda<br />
Tetanurae<br />
Coelurosauria<br />
Maniraptora<br />
Paraves<br />
Scansoriopterygidae<br />
<br />
Middle to Late Jurassic<br />
Hebei, China<br />
<br />
Estimated Mass: 380 g<br />
<br />
Unlike her sister paravians, Yi qi was too cool for pennaceous feathers, sporting absolutely none (unless they somehow failed to be preserved with her remains). Instead, she evolved a “styliform element,” made of bone or at least calcified cartilage, extending from her wrist to help support her membranous wings as she glided, if not soared, through the forests of Middle and Late Jurassic China.<br />
<br />
Note: Colouration based on authors' analysis of melanosomes (pigmentation organelles) preserved in the fossil.<br />
<br />
Wednesday, December 2nd, 2015Sounder1995http://www.blogger.com/profile/05124496714655577191noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2816892365136488767.post-23499673261320781332015-11-30T21:40:00.002-05:002015-11-30T21:40:50.427-05:00Spinosaurus aegyptiacus<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgSkThQgqStImn38dwip1C8T0m6XMfLXbyx-gQaOBQegAgKN0Ng-NaUeskhyewfQJFifC_XQKyLS8Yn4Iuii7GRXc2QUddU8_EFkkK0Q01kJxYCZnzEBj0HIWOBsQ_6yG3nBzKgRqfI2zs/s1600/spino+color+test.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="494" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgSkThQgqStImn38dwip1C8T0m6XMfLXbyx-gQaOBQegAgKN0Ng-NaUeskhyewfQJFifC_XQKyLS8Yn4Iuii7GRXc2QUddU8_EFkkK0Q01kJxYCZnzEBj0HIWOBsQ_6yG3nBzKgRqfI2zs/s640/spino+color+test.jpg" width="640" /></a></div>
Note: A digitally colored version of the original, available here:<br />
http://sounder1995.deviantart.com/art/Spinosaurus-aegyptiacus-555847940<br />
<br />
Spinosaurus aegyptiacus (Stromer, 1915)<br />
Sauropsida<br />
Diapsida<br />
Archosauria<br />
Dinosauria<br />
Saurischia<br />
Theropoda<br />
Tetanurae<br />
Megalosauroidea<br />
Spinosauridae<br />
Spinosaurinae<br />
<br />
Early to Late Cretaceous<br />
North Africa<br />
<br />
Length: 15+ m<br />
<br />
The largest carnivore to ever walk on terra firma, she preferred fish to dinosaurian flesh and the water to life as a land lubber. On a sadder note, her holotype specimen was destroyed during the night of April 24th, 1944 by a Royal Air Force bombing run on Munich, a solemn reminder that we humans would perhaps much rather prefer to destroy this planet than learn a darn thing about it.<br />
<br />
Monday, November 30th, 2015Sounder1995http://www.blogger.com/profile/05124496714655577191noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2816892365136488767.post-8382265477884800312015-11-30T00:03:00.003-05:002015-11-30T00:03:35.307-05:00Deinocheirus mirificus<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjrMJCLdHokS-xpvGOtNh0x0dY9JZNtruTkHOnp6ZYLxac6PsIDEUpszqkwpQzoVPpXn1LTzGDD7UWxVHSyZ1wnSEXxq642pjzf5sOVCpMgv_BKvJEATmmik3BkRjptp23HDMAnDBnrrrw/s1600/deino+m.+color+test.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="494" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjrMJCLdHokS-xpvGOtNh0x0dY9JZNtruTkHOnp6ZYLxac6PsIDEUpszqkwpQzoVPpXn1LTzGDD7UWxVHSyZ1wnSEXxq642pjzf5sOVCpMgv_BKvJEATmmik3BkRjptp23HDMAnDBnrrrw/s640/deino+m.+color+test.jpg" width="640" /></a></div>
<span style="background-color: #dae5d6; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 12px;">Note: A digitally colored version of the original, available here:</span><br style="background-color: #dae5d6; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 12px;" /><a href="http://sounder1995.deviantart.com/art/Deinocheirus-mirificus-555847637" style="background-color: #dae5d6; color: #337287; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none !important; zoom: 1;">sounder1995.deviantart.com/art…</a><br style="background-color: #dae5d6; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 12px;" /><br style="background-color: #dae5d6; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 12px;" /><span style="background-color: #dae5d6; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 12px;">Deinocheirus mirificus (Osmólska & Roniewicz, 1970)</span><br style="background-color: #dae5d6; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 12px;" /><span style="background-color: #dae5d6; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 12px;">Dinosauria</span><br style="background-color: #dae5d6; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 12px;" /><span style="background-color: #dae5d6; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 12px;">Saurischia</span><br style="background-color: #dae5d6; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 12px;" /><span style="background-color: #dae5d6; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 12px;">Theropoda</span><br style="background-color: #dae5d6; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 12px;" /><span style="background-color: #dae5d6; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 12px;">Tetanurae</span><br style="background-color: #dae5d6; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 12px;" /><span style="background-color: #dae5d6; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 12px;">Coelurosauria</span><br style="background-color: #dae5d6; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 12px;" /><span style="background-color: #dae5d6; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 12px;">Maniraptoriformes</span><br style="background-color: #dae5d6; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 12px;" /><span style="background-color: #dae5d6; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 12px;">Ornithomimosauria</span><br style="background-color: #dae5d6; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 12px;" /><span style="background-color: #dae5d6; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 12px;">Deinocheiridae</span><br style="background-color: #dae5d6; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 12px;" /><br style="background-color: #dae5d6; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 12px;" /><span style="background-color: #dae5d6; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 12px;">Late Cretaceous</span><br style="background-color: #dae5d6; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 12px;" /><span style="background-color: #dae5d6; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 12px;">Mongolia</span><br style="background-color: #dae5d6; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 12px;" /><br style="background-color: #dae5d6; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 12px;" /><span style="background-color: #dae5d6; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 12px;">Length: 11 m</span><br style="background-color: #dae5d6; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 12px;" /><br style="background-color: #dae5d6; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 12px;" /><span style="background-color: #dae5d6; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 12px;">Though Deinocheirus was originally known only from her enormous arms (exceeded in size only by Therizinosaurus), two new skeletal remains (this time more complete) described in 2014 (after being successfully recovered from Mongolian thieves) helped shed some light on this previously enigmatic animal, such as her now-confirmed (at least partial) piscivory, though she remains quite an enigma. Unfortunately, in attaining huge size, she has lost the speed and intelligence of her smaller relatives.</span><br style="background-color: #dae5d6; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 12px;" /><br style="background-color: #dae5d6; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 12px;" /><span style="background-color: #dae5d6; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 12px;">Sunday, November 29th, 2015</span>Sounder1995http://www.blogger.com/profile/05124496714655577191noreply@blogger.com0